How the range estimate works
Range = usable energy ÷ energy use. The calculator starts with your car’s rated energy use and applies factors for temperature, speed, driving style and load. Cold weather raises consumption (heating, battery chemistry, denser air), and so does highway speed because drag rises with the square of speed.
These multipliers are typical averages, not exact figures for your car. Treat the result as a planning estimate, and leave a safety margin on long trips.